Research led by the University at Buffalo has established a standard for gas separation using cross-linked polyamine membranes, achieving a selectivity of 1,800 when separating hydrogen from CO₂.
Polyamine membranes defy logic
The natural behavior of the membrane is non-attractive and its “energy” is opposite, i.e.: it efficiently blocks the passage of CO₂. The initial discovery showed that the strong affinity of the material for CO₂ decreased its permeability. However, by reorienting this property, the scientists found that it was extremely efficient in allowing the exclusive transfer of hydrogen.
Based on simulations and experimental tests, it was confirmed that these membranes offer a performance 18 times higher than current standards, whose selectivity rarely exceeds 100 points. In addition to its efficiency, the material stands out for its stability under extreme conditions and its ability to self-repair.
The hydrogen purification is essential for fuel cell applications and clean chemical processes. The energy efficiency of this new technology could reduce global industrial energy consumption, which currently accounts for about 15% of world demand. In addition, by minimizing the use of chemical reagents, it contributes to reducing carbon emissions and waste.
The developed membranes can be adapted to industrial manufacturing processes in the form of composite thin films. This project involved researchers from several institutions, including Zhejiang University and the University of Colorado at Boulder, enhancing its global reach.
Source and photo: University at Buffalo