Explosive atmospheres are no exception in offshore operations. On ships, FPSOs and offshore platforms, the possibility of flammable vapors coming into contact with air is real and frequent. To address this threat, the industry applies a systematic approach known as hazardous area classification.
Regulatory approach and safety in maritime operations
The technical basis for this classification is found in standards such as IEC 60092-502 and IEC 60079-10-1, together with IMO codes. IMO and the requirements of societies such as ABS and Bureau Veritas. These regulatory frameworks segment areas according to the likelihood of the presence of an explosive atmosphere, establishing criteria that determine which equipment can be used and how it should be installed.
The physical layout of spaces on a vessel is directly conditioned by this classification. The design of electrical systems, the placement of ventilation outlets, the routing of cables and the location of equipment must conform precisely to the established limits.
Likewise, ventilation control in technical spaces near classified areas is critical. It also uses positive pressure, flow monitoring and automatic alarm systems to ensure that vapors do not migrate into areas not designed to contain them.
Ignition sources in marine environments are multiple and potentially lethal. A faulty electrical connection, an overheated casing or uncertified communication equipment can be enough to cause an incident. To mitigate this, Ex-type protections, grounding of all metal components, thermal monitoring and strict hot work permits are employed. The use of certified tools and personnel training are integrated elements of this prevention approach.
Regulatory requirements impose periodic checks to ensure that the facility continues to meet safety standards. Insulation resistance, condition of seals, temperature of exposed surfaces and functionality of gas detection systems are verified through protocols documented in the Safety Management Systems. Any physical changes require revaluation, updating of drawings and technical audit to avoid deviations between approved design and actual execution.
For companies, understanding and correctly applying hazardous area classification is not just a technical activity, it is a critical necessity in an environment where safety depends on every detail. From the first drawing on a blueprint to the routine inspection of a pump room, this classification guides decisions that save lives and protect assets from the risk of explosive atmospheres offshore.
Source: The Maritime Executive
Photo: Armadex