Quantum computing has taken a crucial step towards reliability, with the creation of a quantum refrigerator that has recorded record low temperatures . This breakthrough, developed at Chalmers University of Technology in Sweden, is essential to improving the performance of quantum computers, which are known for their ability to perform complex calculations using superconducting qubits.
The quantum refrigerator: cooling without external intervention
One of the biggest challenges in the world of quantum computing is the need to cool qubits to temperatures close to absolute zero . Only under these conditions can qubits, which can exist simultaneously in states 0 and 1 thanks to quantum superposition , operate without errors. However, cooling these systems efficiently has been a challenge for years. Current refrigerators use complex systems that do not always reach the necessary temperatures.
Chalmers University of Technology’s new quantum refrigerator, which is powered by heat from the environment, has managed to cool a qubit down to 22 millikelvin, without the need for external control . This innovative technology, which uses superconducting circuits, has been shown to be able to keep qubits in their lowest energy state, increasing the reliability of quantum calculations. In fact, researchers have managed to increase the probability of a qubit being in its ground state before starting a quantum calculation , reaching 99.97%, a significant improvement over the 99.8% previously achieved with other methods.
Potential for quantum computing
This breakthrough also opens up new possibilities in areas such as medicine, artificial intelligence , energy and encryption. With increased reliability in processing qubits at extremely low temperatures, quantum machines will be able to perform more complex and lengthy calculations without the risk of errors . This refrigerator, which uses an autonomous approach independent of external controls, is a fundamental step towards more efficient and accessible quantum computing.
The quantum refrigerator developed by Chalmers’ team is just the beginning of a series of innovations that will improve the accuracy and efficiency of quantum computing . If qubits remain stable for longer and without external interference, applications of this technology could completely transform the way we process information in the near future . The Swedish university, known for its advances in quantum technology, continues to lead the way towards a new era in computing, with the creation of devices such as this quantum refrigerator.
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Source and photos: Chalmer University of Technology
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