RWE has begun installing artificial reefs at its Kårehamn wind farm, located off the Swedish coast, as part of an innovative pilot study to assess the settlement of marine life and improve biodiversity in offshore wind farms.
Ecological solutions for wind farms
In collaboration with Linnaeus University and Baltic Offshore Kalmar, RWE has launched a pilot study that has advanced to the practical phase with the placement of 180 plastic-free, carbon-neutral reef cubes. These structures were designed and manufactured by ARC Marine, a leading provider of environmentally friendly solutions.
In addition, the reef cubes, ranging in size from 15×15 cm to 75×75 cm, have been installed at the 48 MW Kårehamn wind farm, consisting of 16 turbines located 7 km off the Swedish coast. This project aims to assess how artificial structures can foster biodiversity and support ecosystem services such as habitat provision, nutrient cycling and water quality, thus contributing to the restoration of the Baltic Sea.
Species identification process and future planning
The study began in 2023 with baseline data collection, including underwater surveys and seafloor and eDNA sampling to identify species present in the area, such as mussels, vegetation and fish. With this information, the team was able to predict the potential impacts of future phases of the project and plan accordingly.
It is important to note that the choice of this site is due to the development of species previously observed in the foundations of wind turbines. The intention is that the artificial reefs provide habitats where species can grow and shelter, with special attention to macroalgae, blue mussels and various fish species.
Finally, during the colonization phase, which will take place between 2024 and 2026, the submerged cubes and the surrounding ecosystem will be examined. These studies will provide valuable data for the sustainable design of future offshore wind farms.
Artificial reefs for sustainability
“As a world leader in the offshore sector, we have a responsibility to operate our wind farms in harmony with nature. We invest billions of euros annually in wind power to provide green electricity, and we have set ourselves ambitious sustainability targets. This study is a crucial step in evaluating how our activities can promote biodiversity and ensure the long-term sustainability of offshore wind farms.“, said Sven Utermöhlen, CEO of RWE Offshore Wind.
RWE is exploring the integration of advanced underwater monitoring technologies, such as aquatic drones and smart sensors, to improve data collection on biodiversity and ecosystem status in real time. This initiative will not only improve survey efficiency, but will also contribute to the protection and management of marine resources.
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Source: oedigital
Photo: Shutterstock
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