A maneuver between the Shijian-21 and Shijian-25 satellites in geostationary orbit has captured international attention. The two Chinese space devices, which had been performing approach maneuvers for weeks, appear to have docked for a refueling operation.
Successful satellite docking execution
During the month of June, international sensors began tracking rendezvous maneuvers between the two satellites. The trajectories showed progressive approaches until, between July 2 and 6, they were detected as a single object by optical sensors, according to the U.S. firm COMSPOC.
This “visual fusion” suggests that the satellites would have been physically joined together to transfer fuel, a technical capability that has so far not been achieved by the United States in geostationary orbit.
The Shijian-25 was specifically designed to test refueling technologies. refueling and life extension and life extension technologies in space. For its part, the satellite has been active since 2021 and has previously been used to tow an inactive satellite into a graveyard orbit, demonstrating its ability to physically interact with other space objects.
In addition to optimizing resources, it can minimize the proliferation of space debris by extending the useful life of existing satellites, one of the strategic objectives of China’s space program.
During the maneuvers, U.S. satellites such as USA 270 and USA 271 closely monitored the activity from adjacent positions. This attention reflects the geostrategic interest generated by the ability to perform servicing operations in high orbit, because of its potential civilian as well as military applications.
While NASA cancelled its OSAM-1 mission in 2023 due to technical difficulties, the U. S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency has resumed development of similar solutions with new funding allocated for 2025. However, to date no power had demonstrated an operational fuel transfer in geostationary orbit.
The operation of Shijian satellites could accelerate a new phase of competitiveness in orbital maintenance technology. As space infrastructure grows, the ability to remotely support, repair and refuel spacecraft is emerging as a critical component for mission sustainability and space debris management.
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Source and photo: SCMP
