A team of researchers from the University of Oxford has marked a new chapter in clean energy production. Using a synthetic biotechnology approach, they have managed to turn bacteria into “ nanoreactors ” capable of producing green hydrogen efficiently and cost-effectively.
The efficiency of bacterial bioengineering
Green hydrogen is produced by splitting water with renewable energy, making it a great alternative to achieving net-zero emissions. However, current industrial processes generate between 11.5 and 13.6 kilograms of CO₂ per kilogram of hydrogen, which counteracts its green potential. This obstacle was addressed by the researchers, who developed a cheaper and more sustainable biological catalyst.
The researchers worked with the bacterium Shewanella oneidensis , known for its electroactive capacity, i.e. its ability to transfer electrons to solid surfaces. By introducing a rhodopsin derived from Gloeobacter and graphene oxide nanoparticles , they optimized the transport of electrons and protons. This allowed the components to be concentrated in the periplasmic space of the cell, increasing the efficiency of hydrogen production.
The development team also explored the application of these bacteria in ” artificial leaves .” By coating carbon fibers with the modified cells, they were able to produce hydrogen when exposed to sunlight, with very favorable results.
Professor Wei Huang highlighted the advantages of this biocatalyst: “Currently, most commercially used catalysts for green hydrogen production rely on expensive metals. Our new study has provided a compelling alternative in the form of a robust and efficient biocatalyst. This has the advantages of increased safety, cost-effectiveness, and lower production costs, all of which can improve long-term economic viability. ”.
Bioengineering organic compounds for hydrogen production. Source: Oxford Engineering
This breakthrough reflects the joint efforts of the University of Oxford and other international institutions, such as the University of Tokyo , and organisations such as UKRI and JST, which are financially supporting this research to broaden the impact of this technology.
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Source and photos: University of Oxford
